The VDI-Warmeatlas or VDI Heat Atlas has a long-lasting history and it can be considered as a standard book for heat exchanger and process engineering equipment design. It is not conceived as a textbook presenting an overall view of the theoretical or experimental findings in heat transfer sciences. The aim was and is to present and explain the state of the art of engineering methods to solve industrially relevant heat transfer problems for apparatus design and process modeling. The first German edition was published in 1963. The sixth German edition was translated into English to meet the demands of the more and more internationally acting industry. This first English edition was published in 1992. Since then, the German edition was regularly updated until the tenth edition published in 2006. In view of today’s globally acting industry, the editorial board felt the necessity to revise the English edition in order to account for the most recent state of our knowledge. Instead of only translating the latest German edition, we preferred restructuring it at the same time because this also enabled us to include new subjects and to update methods according to the recent state of the art. This new structure will also serve as a basis for the forthcoming German edition. On behalf of the editorial board, I express my sincere thanks to the authors of the various sections for their contributions and kind cooperation. The editorial work was coordinated and assisted by Mrs. Sigrid Cuneus from Springer-Verlag, Berlin. We are indebted to her for the efficient work and pleasant collaboration. We are also grateful to Mrs. Tina Shelton from the Reference and Database Publishing group, Springer Reference Editorial, India, who handled the editorial workflow.

This volume is devoted to the application of the integral equations method (IEM) and boundary elements method (BEM) to problems involving the sounding of geological media using direct current (DC). Adaptive mesh generation algorithms and numerical methods for solving a system of integral equations are discussed. Integral equations for the media, which contains piecewise linear contact boundaries, immersed local inclusions, and subsurface relief, are derived and solved numerically. Describes in detail the application of the BEM and IEM to 2.5D  direct problems using ERT for geological media with a complex structure and having a large number of internal contact boundaries. Provides algorithms of grid generation of the boundaries that are adapted to the geometry of the media, the surface relief and the measurements of electrode arrays. Discusses the application of the BEM to 3D sounding problems using the ERT method. Illustrates the applications of inversion programs to synthetic data generated using the BEM in comparison with the original model and discusses the quality of the associated interpretation.

This is a unique book in that it smoothly combines LiDAR principles, data processing methods, applications, and hands-on practices, following an overview of remote sensing. An index map of LiDAR data and a list of abbreviations are also included to improve the readability of the book. For forest applications, readers can find examples such as creating leaf-on and leaf-off canopy height models in Susquehanna Shale Hills, PA; identifying disturbances from lightning and hurricane in mangrove forests in Florida; and estimating aboveground biomass in tropical forests in Ghana. For urban applications, readers can see examples such as road extraction, powerline corridor mapping, and population estimation in Denton, TX; parcel-based building change detection in Surrey, Canada; and road blockage detection in Port-au-Prince after the 2010 Haiti earthquake. For geoscience applications, readers can explore samples such as measuring dune migration rates in White Sands, NM; analysis of offset channels associated with the San Andreas Fault in California; and trend surface analysis and visualization of rock layers in Raplee Ridge, UT. Undergraduate and graduate students will find that the 11 step-by-step GIS projects with LiDAR data can really help them understand LiDAR data processing, analysis, and applications, while professionals and researchers will benefit from various topics on LiDAR remote sensing and applications, along with over 500 references in the book.

• Placing, points, curves, and line streams
• Editing text
• Working with dimensions
• Element attributes
• Changing the display and scales of various lifestyle types
• Working with groups
• Modifying and manipulating fences
• Using measure commands
• Working with cells

Fully updated with the latest AISC and ICC codes and specifications, Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details, Second Edition, is the most comprehensive resource on load and resistance factor design (LRFD) available. This authoritative volume surveys the leading methods for connecting structural steel components, covering state-of-the-art techniques and materials, and includes new information on welding and connections. Hundreds of detailed examples, photographs, and illustrations are found throughout this practical handbook.

Handbook of Structural Steel Connection Design and Details, Second Edition, covers:

Steel connection analysis and checking is one of the most complex problems in structural engineering, and even though we use very powerful computing tools, it is still generally done using very simplistic approaches. Fromthe point of view of a typical structural engineer, the problem to solve is to design and check nodes, not single connections, i.e. a number of connections between a number of different members – maybe tens or even hundreds of load combinations, inclined member axes, and generic stress states. In a typical 3D structure there may be several tens of such nodes, or maybe even hundreds, which may be similar, or may be different from one another; identifying nodes that are equal is one of the problems that the designer has to face in order to reduce the number of different possible solutions, and in order to get a rational design. However, this problem of detecting equal nodes has not been sufficiently researched, and there are currently no tools that are able to properly solve this issue. If posed with the due generality, the problem of checking 3D nodes of real structures has not been solved by automatic computing tools. Also, because a general method of tackling all these problems is apparently still lacking, usually a few "cooking recipes” have been used to solve a limited number of typical, recurring (2D assimilated) nodes. Indeed, it often happens that true, real world nodes have to be analyzed by such recipes, despite the fact that the basic hypotheses needed to apply these recipes do not always hold true. This poses a serious problem because although these "cooking recipes” have been widely used, in the past few years they have been applied to 3D structures designed using computer tools, in the non-linear range, perhaps in seismic areas, and with the aim of reducing the weight of steel. The effects of such oversimplification have already been seen in many structures where steel connections have failed, especially in seismic areas (e.g. Booth 2014), but even in non-seismic areas (e.g. White et al. 2013, Bruneau et al. 2011). Generally speaking, it is well known that connections are one of the most likely points of weakness of steel structures, one of the most cumbersome to design – indeed one of the least designed – and one of the least software-covered in structural engineering.

This book presents fundamental physical and physicochemical knowledge involved in oil and gas development engineering, such as physical and chemical phenomena, physical process. It is arranged to provide the knowledge of porous rock properties of reservoir rocks, and properties of fluids, i.e., gases, hydrocarbon liquids, and aqueous solutions, and the mechanism of multiphase fluid flow in porous media. The book also brings together the application of the above theories and knowledge. This textbook is written to serve the undergraduate teaching of the petroleum engineering major. It focuses on the introduction of basic conceptions, terms, definitions, and theories, placing more emphasis on the width of knowledge rather than the depth. What should be learned through the course includes the definitions of some essential physical parameters, the physical process, important physical phenomena, influencing factors, and engineering applications. In addition, the measuring methods and experimental procedures for the key parameters are also included. Through the study of this book, good foundation of knowledge frame for petroleum engineering should be established for students, which is benefit for both their further studying and their work in the future when they are engaged in job.

 

The CBFEM (component-based finite element model) is a new method to analyze and design connections of steel structures. The design focused CM (component model) is compared to FEM (finite elements models). The publication introduces Benchmark Cases for Validation and Verification procedures of structural steel joints. The hierarchy of the System response quantity is prepared for welded and bolted connections as well as for column bases. Each Benchmark Case starts with the task description and includes results of prediction by the analytical model according to EN 1993-1-5, references to experiments, validated model and numerical experiments, results of prediction by design Finite Element Analyses described in terms of global behavior and verification of resistance. At the end of the publication, the reader may check his calculation on Benchmark cases prepared for the particular joint. Finite Element Analyses is a current step in design of steel connections, which allows to predict the generally loaded joints with a complex geometry with the same efficiency and accuracy as the traditionally designed connections based on the best engineering practice. Implementation of the FEA models for the structural steel detailing creates the qualitative step as we may see in other areas of engineering.